Evaluation of the Alterations in Haematological Parameters of Cervical Cancer Subjects in Port Harcourt

Cervical cancer remains a significant global health concern, with a high incidence and mortality rate among women. This study was aimed at evaluating the alterations in haematological parameters of cervical cancer subjects in Port Harcourt. This study is a case control study. A total of 40 participants (20 histologically confirmed cervical cancer positive subjects and 20 histologically confirmed cervical cancer negative subjects) within the age of 18-70 years were recruited for this study. The demography and informed consent of the study subjects was obtained with the use of a questionnaire. Three milliliters (3mls) of blood sample was collected using vacutainers from each participant. Full blood count (FBC) was analysed using auto-analyser (LABOREX HM-500×), Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and platelet – lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were calculated. Graph pad prism 8.0.2.263 version was used for data analysis. P<0.05 was considered significant. Results were presented as mean ± standard deviation (m±SD) in Tables. The results of this study showed that majority of cervical cancer patients were within the ages of 51-60 years.The WBC of the cervical patients, 6.0±2.0 x 109/Lwas significantly higher when compared with 4.8± 1.2 x 109/L of the control subjects,( p +0.03) The Platelet distribution width (PDW) of 18.3 ± 4.1fl in cerical cancer patients was significantly elevated when compared with 15.7 ± 3.9 fl (p = 0.0489), The Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) was significantly higher(3.5 ± 3.5 in the cancer patients than 1.9 ± 0.8 in the control subjects. Similarly, the Monocyte to Lymphocyte ratio (MLR) in cervical cancer patients, 0.5±0.2 was significantly elevated than 0.22± 0.1 in the control group (p=0.02 and 0.001 rspectively). A significant decrease was observed in red blood cell (RBC), haemoglobin concentration (HB), packed cell volume (PCV) and monocyte in cervical cancer patients, when compared with control subjects (p< 0.05+. This study indicates that anemia in patients with carcinoma of the cervix was more pronounced than those in the control group., This study concludes that there are derangements in the haematological parameters of cervical cancer patients. Continuous monitoring of the patients is necessary to reduce mortality rate and improve the quality of life of these patients.